Chinese History Chronology

  • Prehistoric Times
    c. 1.7 million years ago – 21st century BC
    The origins of Chinese civilization emerged along the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers, shaped by legendary leaders such as the Yellow Emperor, Yao, and Shun.

  • Xia Dynasty
    c. 21st – 17th century BC
    Regarded as the first hereditary dynasty in Chinese history, marking the formation of early state systems.

  • Shang Dynasty
    c. 17th century BC – 1046 BC
    Known for advanced bronze craftsmanship and oracle bone inscriptions, reflecting a mature early civilization.

  • Zhou Dynasty
    1046 – 256 BC
    Introduced the feudal system and ritual culture, laying the foundation of traditional Chinese political philosophy.

    • Spring and Autumn Period

    • Warring States Period

  • Qin Dynasty
    221 – 207 BC
    The first unified imperial dynasty of China, standardizing laws, writing, and measurements.

  • Han Dynasty
    202 BC – AD 220
    A golden age of expansion and cultural influence; the Silk Road flourished during this era.

  • Three Kingdoms Period
    AD 220 – 280
    A time of division among Wei, Shu, and Wu, famous for military strategy and historical legends.

  • Jin Dynasty
    AD 265 – 420
    Brief reunification followed by internal strife, leading to long-term regional division.

  • Northern and Southern Dynasties
    AD 420 – 589
    Political fragmentation accompanied by ethnic integration and cultural exchange.

  • Sui Dynasty
    AD 581 – 618
    Reunified China and constructed the Grand Canal, paving the way for Tang prosperity.

  • Tang Dynasty
    AD 618 – 907
    Considered one of the greatest empires in Chinese history, known for openness, arts, and global influence.

  • Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
    AD 907 – 960
    A transitional period of rapid regime changes between Tang and Song.

  • Song Dynasty
    AD 960 – 1279
    An era of remarkable economic growth, innovation, and cultural achievements.

  • Liao, Western Xia, and Jin Dynasties
    10th – 13th centuries
    Coexisting multi-ethnic states that shaped medieval Chinese geopolitics.

  • Yuan Dynasty
    AD 1271 – 1368
    Established by the Mongols, integrating China into a vast Eurasian empire.

  • Ming Dynasty
    AD 1368 – 1644
    Strengthened imperial rule and expanded maritime trade, with major architectural achievements.

  • Qing Dynasty
    AD 1644 – 1911
    The final imperial dynasty of China, reaching territorial peak before modern transformation.

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